Insects
Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Sighting 4618142

Myrmecia sp. (genus)

Nearby sightings

Page 5 of 5 - image sightings only

489 0 489
Myrmecia nigrocincta (Jumper ant, jumping jack) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Myrmecia nigrocincta

Bungybird
Hemicordulia australiae (Australian Emerald) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Hemicordulia australiae

Bungybird
Orthetrum villosovittatum (Fiery Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum villosovittatum

Bungybird
Nymphes myrmeleonoides (Blue eyes lacewing) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Nymphes myrmeleonoides

Bungybird
Philemon citreogularis (Little Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Philemon citreogularis

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Ocybadistes walkeri (Green Grass-dart) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Ocybadistes walkeri

Bungybird
Orthetrum villosovittatum (Fiery Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum villosovittatum

Bungybird
Philemon corniculatus (Noisy Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Philemon corniculatus

Bungybird
Crabroninae (subfamily) (Unidentified solitary wasp) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Crabroninae (subfamily)

Bungybird
Orthetrum sabina (Slender Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum sabina

Bungybird
Adversaeschna brevistyla (Blue-spotted Hawker) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Adversaeschna brevistyla

Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Diplacodes melanopsis

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Egretta novaehollandiae

Bungybird
Hemicordulia australiae (Australian Emerald) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Hemicordulia australiae

Bungybird
Sceliphron formosum (Formosum mud-dauber) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Sceliphron formosum

Bungybird
Argiocnemis rubescens (Red-tipped Shadefly) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Argiocnemis rubescens

Bungybird
Myrmecia nigrocincta (Jumper ant, jumping jack) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Myrmecia nigrocincta

Bungybird
Agriocnemis pygmaea (Pygmy wisp) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Agriocnemis pygmaea

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Argiocnemis rubescens (Red-tipped Shadefly) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Argiocnemis rubescens

Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Malurus cyaneus

Bungybird
Caligavis chrysops (Yellow-faced Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Caligavis chrysops

Bungybird
Limnogonus sp. (genus) (Water strider) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Dec 2011 by Bungybird

Limnogonus sp. (genus)

Bungybird
Dacelo novaeguineae (Laughing Kookaburra) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Dacelo novaeguineae

Bungybird
Oriolus sagittatus (Olive-backed Oriole) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Oriolus sagittatus

Bungybird
Colepia sp. (genus) (A robber fly) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Colepia sp. (genus)

Bungybird
Tenagogerris euphrosyne (Water Strider) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Tenagogerris euphrosyne

Bungybird
Hemicordulia australiae (Australian Emerald) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Hemicordulia australiae

Bungybird
Neochmia temporalis (Red-browed Finch) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Neochmia temporalis

Bungybird
Rhipidura leucophrys (Willie Wagtail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird

Rhipidura leucophrys

Bungybird
Myzomela sanguinolenta (Scarlet Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Jul 2010 by Bungybird

Myzomela sanguinolenta

Bungybird
Philemon corniculatus (Noisy Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Jul 2010 by Bungybird

Philemon corniculatus

Bungybird
Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Jul 2010 by Bungybird

Meliphaga lewinii

Bungybird
Strepera graculina (Pied Currawong) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Jul 2010 by Bungybird

Strepera graculina

Bungybird
Gymnorhina tibicen (Australian Magpie) at Gibberagee, NSW - 29 Oct 2009 by Bungybird

Gymnorhina tibicen

Bungybird
Rhipidura leucophrys (Willie Wagtail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 29 Oct 2009 by Bungybird

Rhipidura leucophrys

Bungybird
Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 29 Oct 2009 by Bungybird

Meliphaga lewinii

Bungybird
Gymnorhina tibicen (Australian Magpie) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Gymnorhina tibicen

Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Egretta novaehollandiae

Bungybird
Ardea pacifica (White-necked Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Ardea pacifica

Bungybird
Tipanaea patulella (The White Crambid moth) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Tipanaea patulella

Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Malurus cyaneus

Bungybird
Dacelo novaeguineae (Laughing Kookaburra) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Dacelo novaeguineae

Bungybird
Ischnura aurora (Aurora Bluetail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Ischnura aurora

Bungybird
Ischnura aurora (Aurora Bluetail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Ischnura aurora

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Diplacodes melanopsis

Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Diplacodes melanopsis

Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Egretta novaehollandiae

Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Egretta novaehollandiae

Bungybird
Grallina cyanoleuca (Magpie-lark) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Grallina cyanoleuca

Bungybird
Emydura macquarii (Macquarie Turtle) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Emydura macquarii

Bungybird
Vanellus miles (Masked Lapwing) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Vanellus miles

Bungybird
Emydura macquarii (Macquarie Turtle) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Emydura macquarii

Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Egretta novaehollandiae

Bungybird
Dacelo novaeguineae (Laughing Kookaburra) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Dacelo novaeguineae

Bungybird
Philemon citreogularis (Little Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Philemon citreogularis

Bungybird
Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird

Meliphaga lewinii

Bungybird
Notamacropus rufogriseus (Red-necked Wallaby) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Apr 2009 by Bungybird

Notamacropus rufogriseus

Bungybird
Neochmia temporalis (Red-browed Finch) at Gibberagee, NSW - 11 Apr 2009 by Bungybird

Neochmia temporalis

Bungybird
Eurema sp. (Genus) (Grass Yellow Butterflies) at Gibberagee, NSW - 27 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Eurema sp. (Genus)

Bungybird
Orthetrum villosovittatum (Fiery Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 27 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum villosovittatum

Bungybird
Cryptoblepharus pulcher (Fence Skink) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Cryptoblepharus pulcher

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Malurus cyaneus

Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Diplacodes melanopsis

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 25 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 25 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 25 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Malurus cyaneus

Bungybird
Ochrogaster lunifer (Bag-shelter moth) at Gibberagee, NSW - 24 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Ochrogaster lunifer

Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 22 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Malurus cyaneus

Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 22 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Malurus cyaneus

Bungybird
Neochmia temporalis (Red-browed Finch) at Gibberagee, NSW - 22 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Neochmia temporalis

Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Egretta novaehollandiae

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Myrmecia gulosa (Red bull ant) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Myrmecia gulosa

Bungybird
Myrmecia gulosa (Red bull ant) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Myrmecia gulosa

Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Orthetrum caledonicum

Bungybird
Rhytiphora sp. (genus) (Longhorn beetle) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Rhytiphora sp. (genus)

Bungybird
Myrmecia gulosa (Red bull ant) at Gibberagee, NSW - 19 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

Myrmecia gulosa

Bungybird
Myrmecia nigrocincta (Jumper ant, jumping jack) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Hemicordulia australiae (Australian Emerald) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum villosovittatum (Fiery Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Nymphes myrmeleonoides (Blue eyes lacewing) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Philemon citreogularis (Little Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Ocybadistes walkeri (Green Grass-dart) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum villosovittatum (Fiery Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Philemon corniculatus (Noisy Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Crabroninae (subfamily) (Unidentified solitary wasp) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum sabina (Slender Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Adversaeschna brevistyla (Blue-spotted Hawker) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Hemicordulia australiae (Australian Emerald) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Sceliphron formosum (Formosum mud-dauber) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Argiocnemis rubescens (Red-tipped Shadefly) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Myrmecia nigrocincta (Jumper ant, jumping jack) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Agriocnemis pygmaea (Pygmy wisp) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Argiocnemis rubescens (Red-tipped Shadefly) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Caligavis chrysops (Yellow-faced Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Limnogonus sp. (genus) (Water strider) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Dec 2011 by Bungybird
Dacelo novaeguineae (Laughing Kookaburra) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Oriolus sagittatus (Olive-backed Oriole) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Colepia sp. (genus) (A robber fly) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Tenagogerris euphrosyne (Water Strider) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Hemicordulia australiae (Australian Emerald) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Neochmia temporalis (Red-browed Finch) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Rhipidura leucophrys (Willie Wagtail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 7 Dec 2010 by Bungybird
Myzomela sanguinolenta (Scarlet Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Jul 2010 by Bungybird
Philemon corniculatus (Noisy Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Jul 2010 by Bungybird
Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Jul 2010 by Bungybird
Strepera graculina (Pied Currawong) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Jul 2010 by Bungybird
Gymnorhina tibicen (Australian Magpie) at Gibberagee, NSW - 29 Oct 2009 by Bungybird
Rhipidura leucophrys (Willie Wagtail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 29 Oct 2009 by Bungybird
Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 29 Oct 2009 by Bungybird
Gymnorhina tibicen (Australian Magpie) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 17 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Ardea pacifica (White-necked Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Tipanaea patulella (The White Crambid moth) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Dacelo novaeguineae (Laughing Kookaburra) at Gibberagee, NSW - 16 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Ischnura aurora (Aurora Bluetail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Ischnura aurora (Aurora Bluetail) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 15 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Grallina cyanoleuca (Magpie-lark) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Emydura macquarii (Macquarie Turtle) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Vanellus miles (Masked Lapwing) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Emydura macquarii (Macquarie Turtle) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Dacelo novaeguineae (Laughing Kookaburra) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Philemon citreogularis (Little Friarbird) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Meliphaga lewinii (Lewin's Honeyeater) at Gibberagee, NSW - 14 Sep 2009 by Bungybird
Notamacropus rufogriseus (Red-necked Wallaby) at Gibberagee, NSW - 12 Apr 2009 by Bungybird
Neochmia temporalis (Red-browed Finch) at Gibberagee, NSW - 11 Apr 2009 by Bungybird
Eurema sp. (Genus) (Grass Yellow Butterflies) at Gibberagee, NSW - 27 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum villosovittatum (Fiery Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 27 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Cryptoblepharus pulcher (Fence Skink) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Diplacodes melanopsis (Black-faced Percher) at Gibberagee, NSW - 26 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 25 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 25 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 25 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Ochrogaster lunifer (Bag-shelter moth) at Gibberagee, NSW - 24 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 22 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Malurus cyaneus (Superb Fairywren) at Gibberagee, NSW - 22 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Neochmia temporalis (Red-browed Finch) at Gibberagee, NSW - 22 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Egretta novaehollandiae (White-faced Heron) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Myrmecia gulosa (Red bull ant) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Myrmecia gulosa (Red bull ant) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Orthetrum caledonicum (Blue Skimmer) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Rhytiphora sp. (genus) (Longhorn beetle) at Gibberagee, NSW - 20 Mar 2009 by Bungybird
Myrmecia gulosa (Red bull ant) at Gibberagee, NSW - 19 Mar 2009 by Bungybird

1  2  3  4  5 

818,158 sightings of 22,346 species from 14,064 members
CCA 3.0 | privacy
We acknowledge the Traditional Owners of this land and acknowledge their continuing connection to their culture. We pay our respects to their Elders past and present.